================ Interface ================ The ``Interface`` element models cohesive or contact interfaces between continuum parts. It is used to simulate delamination, peeling, and traction-separation behaviors using appropriate interface constitutive laws. -------- Overview -------- Element type: ``Interface`` Supports: - Traction–separation laws via material models (e.g., ``XuNeedleman``) - 2D and 3D interface formulations depending on mesh and setup - Nonlinear analysis for softening and debonding ---------- Parameters ---------- Mandatory Parameters ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .. list-table:: :widths: 25 75 :header-rows: 1 :width: 100% * - Parameter - Description * - ``type`` - Must be set to ``"Interface"`` * - ``material`` - Interface material model block defining cohesive law and parameters. Optional Parameters ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .. list-table:: :widths: 25 75 :header-rows: 1 :width: 100% * - Parameter - Description * - ``thickness`` - Effective interface thickness (if required by material model). * - ``orientation`` - Optional local orientation of the interface. -------- Examples -------- Representative examples using ``Interface``: - ``examples/elements/interface/PeelTest.pro`` - ``examples/ch13/PeelTest.pro`` - ``examples/ch13/PeelTest60.pro`` - ``examples/ch13/PeelTest60pres.pro`` - ``examples/ch13/PeelTest80.pro`` - ``examples/ch13/PeelTest100.pro`` - ``examples/ch13/TractionOscillations.pro`` - ``examples/solver/dissipatedEnergySolver/delam_buckling100.pro`` - ``examples/solver/dissipatedEnergySolver/delam_buckling200.pro`` See Also -------- - :doc:`materials` for cohesive laws (e.g., Xu–Needleman) - :doc:`solvers` for nonlinear analysis options